Viviane Lapointe

In terms of the full mining value chain, including processing and recycling, where do you see the biggest opportunities for Canada to strengthen the full system in a real and practical way?

We're certainly seeing an increasingly uncertain global environment. How important is it for Canada to have greater control over the different stages of the critical minerals value chain? Where would this matter most in practice?

Thank you. Ms. Chan, we've heard throughout this study that critical minerals are no longer just economic commodities but are to be considered a strategic asset. In the current context, with Iran war-driven energy, volatility and continued supply chain pressures, how does NRCan assess the link between critical minerals security, energy security and national security?

From an economic and a policy perspective, what makes a critical minerals supply chain truly resilient beyond having the resources in the ground?

Thank you, Ms. Pekarik, for appearing here today. We've heard a lot about the importance of critical minerals to Canada's security and economy. From your experience in resource policy, what are the key factors that determine whether a project moves from concept to production?

NATO now has a list of 12 critical raw materials for defence. I'm looking at the list. Where does Canada already have real production or credible project potential? Where are the strongest opportunities for Canada to deepen its contribution to allied supply chains?

Ms. Hadwen, for sectors such as aerospace, stable systems and munitions, where do you see the clearest case for treating minerals and metals as part of Canada's defence infrastructure rather than simply industrial inputs or outputs?

I'll go back to you, Ms. Chan. You've emphasized that the whole value chain matters, not just the mines. For defence-relevant minerals, where does Canada most need additional processing or refining capacity if we want more of the strategic value to stay here at home?

Mr. Speaker, over one-third of Canadians are hit with NSF fees, non-sufficient funds fees, and those fees can be as high as $50. That is money Canadians could be using to put towards rent, food and other essential items. Minister of Finance Can thetell the House how we are helping Canadians with affordability by capping NSF fees and lowering banking costs?